Submissions

Author Guidelines

Manuscripts must be prepared electronically using the official article template of Journal of Pharmaceutical and Natural Resources (JPNAR). Authors are required to use Microsoft Word format (.doc or .docx) when submitting their manuscripts. The length of the manuscript should be between 8 to 15 pages, including references, tables, and figures.
You can see the template in AUTHOR GUIDELINE.

LANGUAGE

JPNAR accepts manuscripts written in English. Manuscripts written in English must be professionally edited or proofread prior to submission. Proof of editing or proofreading must be uploaded along with the manuscript during submission on the JPNAR website.

SIMILARITY CHECK

Manuscripts must be free from any indication of plagiarism. JPNAR only accepts manuscripts with a similarity index of less than 20%. A similarity report (e.g., from Turnitin) must be uploaded together with the manuscript during submission.

MANUSCRIPT STRUCTURE

Manuscripts must be organized according to the following structure:

• Title
• Abstract (in English)
• Introduction
• Methods
• Results and Discussion
• Conclusion
• Acknowledgments (if applicable)
• References

DETAILED COMPONENTS

TITLE
The title must reflect the content of the manuscript, be concise and clear, follow proper language rules, and not exceed 20 words.

ABSTRACT
Abstracts must be written in English. The abstract provides a concise summary of the article, including background, objectives, methods, results, and conclusions. It should be written in a single paragraph, 100–250 words in length, and must not contain figures, tables, or citations. Abstracts written in English must adhere to correct spelling, word usage, grammar, and punctuation.

INTRODUCTION
This section provides the background of the study and emphasizes the research’s urgency. It should highlight the state of the art by comparing the current study to previous research and must clearly state the novelty of the work. Explicit formulation of the problem and/or research objectives should be stated at the end of this section.

METHODS

• Experimental Studies:

Include detailed information on instruments (brand, type or specifications, country), materials (manufacturer, country), and research procedures. Procedures must be described in a reproducible manner, including data sources, collection methods, and analytical techniques. Ethical clearance (for human or animal research) must be mentioned, including the approval number.

• Observational Studies:

Describe the research setting, design, population, sampling techniques, data collection instruments, analysis methods, and conclusion procedures. Ethical approval must also be mentioned.

• Systematic Literature Review, Scoping Review, or Narrative Review:

Clearly explain the review process: article search, databases used, inclusion or exclusion criteria, and data extraction. A PRISMA diagram is required for systematic literature reviews.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Present research findings in a systematic manner that follows the research method flow. This section must go beyond reporting results and include critical analysis and discussion, supported by current references. Results should be compared with similar prior studies when applicable. Relevant tables and figures may be included for support.

CONCLUSION
Conclusions should directly address the research objectives and be written clearly and concisely in paragraph form without numbering.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS (if applicable)

Mention contributions from individuals or institutions that assisted or funded the research. Include grant numbers where applicable.

REFERENCES

• References must follow the APA 7^th Edition style and be listed in alphabetical order.
• Minimum of 15 references for experimental or observational studies and 50 references for literature reviews.
• At least 80% must be primary sources (peer-reviewed journal articles) published within the last 10 years.
• Use reference management tools (e.g., Mendeley).
• References from blogs, commercial websites, or Wikipedia are not permitted, except those from official national media or recognized organizations (.org).
• List all authors in full; do not use "et al." in the reference list.

IN-TEXT CITATIONS

In-text citations must follow the APA 7th Edition style. Authors are encouraged to consult the APA Style Manual for further guidance.

TABLES AND FIGURES

Tables:

• Do not use vertical lines.
• Number tables sequentially (Table 1, Table 2, etc.) and place the title above the table.
• Titles should be concise and descriptive, written in sentence case.
• Any symbols or abbreviations must be explained in footnotes.
• All tables must be cited in the text.

Figures and Charts:

• Must be of sufficient resolution for clear reproduction.
• Number figures sequentially (Figure 1, Figure 2, etc.) and place captions below the figures.
• Captions should use sentence case.
• Charts must have clearly labeled and bold x- and y-axes.
• Symbols and abbreviations must be explained in the caption.
• Microphotographs must include magnification information.
• All figures must be cited in the text.